Kudermetova has won three WTA 125K series doubles titles, one singles and four doubles challengers as well as four singles and 16 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 15 October 2018, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 112, and on 29 January 2018, her career-high doubles ranking of No. 55.
Playing for Russia at the Fed Cup, Kudermetova has a win–loss record of 0–2. She made her debut in February 2014, losing to Australia's Samantha Stosur in straight sets in their World Group first-round tie.
Partnering Evgeniya Rodina, Kudermetova won her first $50,000 tournament at the 2013 Kazan Summer Cup, defeating Alexandra Artamonova and Martina Borecká in the final.
Her Grand Slam debut came at the 2017 Australian Open. She successfully qualified for the main draw at the 2019 Australian Open, losing to Sofia Kenin in the first round.
Her first Grand Slam win came against Caroline Wozniacki at the 2019 French Open when she beat the 13th seed in a three-set first round match on May 27, 2019.